Wednesday
Night
Hike
August 8, 2007
Silver
Fork
(a.k.a. "The first south fork below Mill-F")
(Big
Cottonwood Canyon)
The informational sign past the bottom of
Silver Fork, at the end of the blacktop.
Click on the image for a larger version.

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Weather:
Beautiful weather - only about 90 in the valley, and only a few clouds.
Present were: Gordon, K7HFV; Bruce, KI7OM; Mike,
K7DOU; Dale, WJ7L; Chris, KF7P; Ron, K7RJ;
and
Clint, KA7OEI
Destination: To the area around
Davenport Hill and Wellington Tunnel.
Question of the day: "Where
does the water go?"
Total distance (GPS):
About 6.2 miles
Times: Departed vehicles: 1853; Left
blacktop: 1911; Passed Alta Tunnel: 1939;
Reached Wellington Tunnel: 2022; Departed Wellington
Tunnel: 2104; Passed Alta Tunnel: 2143;
Reached blacktop: 2210; Returned to vehicles: 2233
Altitudes in feet ASL (GPS approx): Vehicles:
8090; End of blacktop: 8130; Alta tunnel:
8560; Portal of Wellington Tunnel: 9610
Altitude gain/loss
(approx.): 1520 feet
Local sunset on this date: 2035 at an azimuth of 292° and we
have lost about 28 minutes of sunlight since the date of the latest
sunset - and about 8 minutes in the past week. (The 8th
of August had 14:04:28 14:19:26 of daylight making the day about
15 minutes shorter than a
week ago., The sun was 94.804 million miles distant.)
Total 2007 WNH mileage (if you have been on all hikes so far):
46.87 miles approx.
Total number of footsteps: I
managed to forget the pedometer, but it would be approximately 14030
footsteps, assuming
an
average of about 28 inches/step. This
makes for a total of about 103078 steps hiked by me during this WNH
season.
Images (.JPG
format):
- IMG05060
- Peering cautiously, a cow moose watching us from the border as we
pass. Only a portion of one of the calves can be seen in this
picture.
- IMG05067
- Dale, looking at a cascade just above the Alta tunnel that, at the
time, was only trickling.
- IMG05069
- Dale, briefly reclining near the cascade.
- IMG05070
- A look down-canyon, from the vicinity of the cascade.
- IMG05089
- Ron and Dale, just below the portal of the Wellington tunnel, just
above Davenport Hill. The top of the steam engine may just be
seen above and to the right of Dale, peeking over a mount of overburden.
- IMG05090
- The pass at the top of Silver Fork. It is over this ridge that
we pass when going to the Prince of Wales mine via Grizzly Gulch.
- IMG05091
- From the same mound on which Ron and Dale were standing, a view of
Davenport Hill and the meadow. Mike can be seen along the trail.
- IMG05092
- Chris, during the final ascent to the portal of the Wellington tunnel.
- IMG05094
- Dale and Ron atop the old 20 horsepower steam engine with Chris
wielding an old shovel found on-site.
- IMG05096
- The mostly-buried flywheel and piston assembly of the steam engine.
- IMG05098
- Ron, atop the steam engine. Just like the engine at the Prince
of Wales Mine, it is a crossflow fire tube
boiler
- the "crossflow" part referring to the fact that hot gasses flowed
horizontally in tubes through the water jacket. ("So that's
where the water goes in...")
- IMG05100
- Viewed from near the portal of the Wellington tunnel, Chris, standing
atop the steam engine.
- IMG05101
- Across the canyon, another mining prospect. It is this that
Dale and Mike are looking at in the previous picture.
- IMG05104
- The obligatory group picture,
taken at the portal of the Wellington Tunnel. Similar is #5107. L->R:
Chris, Clint, Ron (in the firebox,) Bruce (atop the engine,) Dale,
Mike, and Gordon. Other photographic experiments
include: #5108 - No-one
stayed still during the 2-second exposure. #5109
- Ron and Bruce made some calculated moves while the shutter was open,
and #5110 - Everyone assumed two
positions during the exposure.
- IMG05111
- This is an experimental picture obtained by leaving the shutter open
for 10 seconds while three red and two green lasers were randomly waved
about at the subjects. L->R: Chris, Gordon, Bruce,
Mike, and Ron. Other attempts: #5112 - Chris is assuming a "strong
man" pose. #5113 - Chris is
holding a piece of paper in front of his face. #5114 - Clint and Dale (who had been
waving the lasers about for the earlier pictures) are now being
bombarded by everyone else.
Pictures by Bruce:
- DSC01585
- Mike, sitting atop the steam engine.
- DSC01586
- Ron, rummaging about in his pack, shadowed by the portal of the
Wellington Tunnel.
- DSC01587
- Ron and Clint, trying to find a battery to power one of the green
Lasers to be used for the "painted" images
Panoramas:
Below are some panoramic
pictures that are
composites of
smaller pictures. Please note that due to size, it may not
display properly on some browsers and you may need to use
an image viewer like Irfanview
to view them properly and zoom in on some of the details. Note
that
details (exposure, time, location, etc.) are noted in file's
EXIF "Comments" field.
- Silver
Fork Pano1 - A panoramic view from the meadow near Davenport
Hill. The location of the Prince of Wales mine hidden from view
off to the left, while the pass between Silver Fork and Grizzly Gulch
is on the right.
- Silver
Fork Pano2 - From a location just above the previous pano, a
view down the canyon. Toward the left edge of the picture was,
until just a few years ago, a shack that was often used by skiers in
the winter, and, according to Bruce, by those engaging in recreational
pharmacology in the summer. (On another hike, years ago, he'd
visited the shack and found it inhabited by people that had chemically
reduced their mental capacity.)
Maps/profiles:
Notes:
There was a fairly good turnout
for the hike, despite the beautiful weather.
Things got off to a bit of a slow start: Mike had been delayed in
getting there because he'd left work later than planned - and then had
to drop by the 7-Eleven to get some water, so the fact that several of
the rest of us were late didn't matter as much. There was also an
"indecision delay" - that is, a lot of time seemed to be taken by
talking about things that we didn't want to do on this
evening. Finally, Chris made the suggestion of Silver Fork:
It was a bit long (but it was steep) but we knew that we could likely
get to the "top" (the site of the Wellington Tunnel) before it got too
dark and owing to the distinct road, it would not be too arduous a task
to stumble along it after it had gotten really dark. Another
thing that occurred to me was that we'd not gone up Silver Fork on a
Wednesday Night Hike since 2002 or 2003.
So, we piled into Mike's and Ron's vehicles and headed up the
canyon. Knowing that we'd likely not be emerging from the canyon
before the gate at the entrance of the Solitude parking lot was to be
locked, we parked along the highway: Our hunch turned out to be
quite correct.
This is one of those hikes in which the first 10-15 minutes are taken
just to get to the trailhead - in this case, walking across the
Solitude Ski resort parking lot, across a field of grass to the road
amongst cabins, up the road, and then finally, past the end of the
blacktop. Since our last visit to Silver Fork, an informational
sign had been added, right at the locked gate that blocked vehicle
traffic.
Even before passing through the gate, we already encountered an example
of large fauna: As we approached the last cabin in the cluster
near the bottom of the canyon, one of its occupants indicated to us
that a moose was foraging in the meadow just up the road. Sure
enough, we soon saw a cow moose with a pair of calves munching
away. In spite of the fact that we detoured along the road away
from them, they moved toward the woodland boarder, eying us
suspiciously as we passed by. This wasn't the only encounter with
wildlife: We'd seen what we thought was a fox (Mike thought it to
be a small coyote) at about the time we passed by the Spruces
campground and further up the canyon, we saw a lot of deer bouncing
away or high up on the hills.
About 2/3 of the way up, an obvious landmark is the portal of the Alta
tunnel. Prior to about 10 years ago, this area deeply covered
with overburden from the tunnel, but much of this was hauled away,
being used for road construction and fill material. At about the
same time, plumbing work was done at the portal to more cleanly capture
the water draining from this tunnel. Prior to this rework, one
could stand near the portal and hear a peculiar thing: Over a
period of 5-10 minutes, one could hear the water flow slowly increase
and decrease - an effect possibly related to airflow in the mine
affecting the hydrostatic pressure of the water column before it exited
the tunnel.
Farther up the canyon can be seen the detritus of other former mine
workings, including large pieces of iron pipe that had washed down from
somewhere above - probably the vicinity of the Annie Tunnel. As
one continues upwards, what had been a mining road deteriorates into a
steep and slippery (especially when wet) climb on loose rock.
Eventually, one tops the hill and breaks out into the meadow just below
Davenport Hill. The view further up the canyon is dominated by
the Honeycomb Cliffs and, below it, the waste rock from the Wellington
tunnel, forming a lunar-esque landscape of eroding mounds of rock.
Climbing a bit further up, one get so the portal of the Welling tunnel
itself, dominated by a half-buried 20 horsepower steam engine.
The portal itself has largely collapsed and been filled in by erosion
from above, but shining a flashlight, one can see back into the
mountain about 30 feet or so.
Ron and Dale were the first to get to the tunnel and I followed shortly
thereafter, with Chris not too far behind me. After a few more
minutes, Mike arrived and another few more minutes brought Bruce and
Gordon. Before too long, people were poking around the steam
engine and peering into the portal, as well as just enjoying the
interesting view around them.
After the last of the alpenglow climbed above the nearby peaks, we
decided that we should start to begin to commence thinking about going
back down, hopefully descending the steepest portion before it got too
dark to see without flashlight. Before this, however, was the
important task of taking the obligatory group picture. After
several pictures, we finally started down. Fortunately, we were
able to descend the steepest part of the trail without any great
difficulty before it got too dark, arriving at what had been the mining
road: With this well-defined path, traveling via flashlight in
the dark was quite easy and safe.
Eventually, we emerged from the canyon, making the traverse along the
road, the grass, and then the large parking lot. Once we arrived
at the car, I wanted to try another photographic experiment:
Painting the subjects with Laser pointers during a time exposure.
For this, I was able to con 5 victim into sitting down on boulders near
the vehicles while Dale and I waved five laser pointers (two green and
three red) randomly over the subjects - who, for obvious safety
reasons, were instructed to keep their eyes closed: The results
speak for themselves!
The drive back down the canyon was uneventful. Once at the
parking lot at the mouth of the canyon, people staggered from their
vehicles and went their separate ways, forgoing a dime-lime.
Minerals found in Silver Fork area
mines:
The primary mineral extracts from the Alta
Tunnel and the Prince of Wales were lead-bearing ores, such as Cerussite, Galena.
Other minerals in the area include Malachite, and
Gordon's favorite, Smithsonite.
Also found in the canyon are Azurite, and Sphalerite.
The green rocks found laying about near
the portal of the Wellington mine are probably Malachite, a copper
carbonate.
About Silver Fork:
According to Keller, Silver Fork is the site of some of the earliest
mining to occur in Big Cottonwood canyon in about 1870. By the
next year, a charcoal-fired smelter was built near the mouth of the
canyon, close to the Richmond Mine and soon, the community of
Belleville appeared. The smelter was short-lived, the works being
moved elsewhere by the end of the next year.
Near the top of the canyon, the Wellington Mine (named after one
Wellington Sprouse) was one of many overlapping claims. In about
1870, the Walker brothers, who ran the several operations, including
the Emma and Prince of Wales mines, bought out
most of the nearby claims to minimize the likelihood of later
litigation - a tactic that was largely successful. The Prince of
Wales mine and nearby claims were quickly developed, with the 40
horsepower steam engine having been installed at the top of the Prince
of Wales shaft in 1875, a 20 horsepower engine, fed by water from the
Prince of Wales mine, at the Wellington tunnel, all using water pumped
up from Grizzly Gulch from by a 15 horsepower engine. Apparently,
these mines were intermittently operated into the mid 1930's.
The Alta tunnel was started in 1912 with the hopes that it would
intersect the same ore body as the Prince of Wales mine, but it was
never very successful. Before too long, water was struck,
complicating matters and by 1919, the tunnel achieved a depth of 3800
feet and hit Tintic quartzite, positively indicating that there was no
value to proceeding any further. The mine was intermittently
worked until 1938 - and again, briefly and for the last time in 1946.
Historical information following the phrase "According
to
Keller"
is
from Charles
Keller's book, The Lady in the Ore Bucket.
Interestingly, Solitude's attempt to
collect the water from the Kentucky-Utah mine for culinary use
triggered a
lawsuit from Salt Lake City: Their claim was that this water was
contributing, perhaps indirectly, to the flow in Big Cottonwood
creek. Eventually, a
settlement was reached and this water is, in fact, used by Solitude for
culinary purposes.
A link to a filing in this case may be
found
here. Comment: It seems as though the Kentucky-Utah
mine near the mouth of Silver Fork, with the description (from the
lawsuit) being this:
"The Kentucky-Utah Mine intercepts underground
percolating water through seepages and cracks in its tunnel walls. This
water is collected approximately 1,000 feet inside the tunnel and
diverted to its portal. The portal of the mine is located approximately
one-quarter to one-half mile south of, and approximately 500 vertical
feet above, Big Cottonwood Creek. The portal is also within several
hundred feet of the Silver Fork area and approximately 12 miles from
the mouth of the canyon."
Comments:

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- All images taken using a Sigma
SD-10
camera
and were taken using the 18-50mm zoom lens, except as noted in the EXIF
data.
- Because all of the images were
originally taken stored in raw binary format, they have been
down-processed to .JPG for web posting: If requested, different
color/contrast/brightness may be applied and/or higher-quality
uncompressed versions may be available for most of these images.
- If you want one (or more) of
these
images
and wish some sort of adjustment (color, brightness, exposure, etc.)
please
let me know: All of these image have been processed in some way.
- These images are numbered in
chronological
order.
- No-one ever said that all of
these
images
(or any of them) were good. Some of them may have definite
focus/exposure
"issues."
- EXIF data is present for most of
the
images,
showing time, date, and precise exposure conditions. Recent
versions
of Irfanview will show this in
the "View->Image Information->EXIF" tab.
- Note that
cropping/noise
reduction required the use of another program which may have removed
some/most
of this EXIF data.
- Images suffixed with "h" (if any)
are
half-size.
This was done for images that were somewhat out of focus (due to
misfocus
or camera/subject movement associated with long shutter times) or those
that required some extra noise reduction and had lost some detail
anyway.
- If you took some pictures of the
hike and send them to me, I'll post them - and give you the blame!
Wanna
send email?
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This page maintained by Clint Turner, KA7OEI
and
was last updated on 20070817 (Copyright 2007 by Clint Turner. All
rights on images and text are reserved.)